DOG FOOD RECIPES

Your Dog’s Necessary Nutrients

Before you decide among commercial, home-cooked, and raw food for your dog, it’s important to have a basic understanding of the building blocks of a healthy canine diet.

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Water. Your dog should always have access to fresh water, from a clean bowl. Some people limit a dog’s water supply or take it away altogether in the evenings, to avoid late-night bathroom needs. This may be a helpful house-training tool, but it is not fair or healthy for your dog in the long-term.

Water helps the body to:

• Stay hydrated
• Regulate body temperature
• Aid digestion
• Lubricate muscle tissues
• Flush away bacteria that cause urinary tract infections
• Ease constipation by moving stools along more smoothly
• Transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

 

The quality of your dog’s drinking water is also important. Most tap water contains chemical additives, such as chlorine and fluoride, as well as heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, which can be harmful to your dog’s health.

While it’s true that dogs drink from ponds, puddles and — horrors — the toilet, these water sources are teeming with bacteria and parasites. You can reduce the risk of infection by providing your dog with only bottled or filtered water.

Proteins. Proteins build and maintain muscles, organs, bones, blood, body tissues, hair, nails, and the immune system. Many foods contain protein, but the best sources are beef, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, grains, and soy.

Adopted dogs with a history of poor nutrition may be at risk of developing a protein deficiency. Signs of a protein deficiency include:

• Dry, brittle fur
• Poor muscle development
• Anemia
• Growth problems
• Weakened immune system

 

If your adopted dog comes to you with some or all of these symptoms, talk to your vet.

Protein levels that exceed a dog’s minimum requirement do not pose a problem to healthy dogs, unless your dog has impaired kidney or liver function (your veterinarian can monitor organ function with regular blood tests), or an allergy to a particular protein source.

Recent research has shown that previous recommendations to reduce protein intake for senior dogs was not sound. In fact, healthy senior dogs may need significantly more protein than their younger counterparts because they metabolize the protein less efficiently.

Fats. Fats are the main source of dietary energy (or calories) in a dog’s diet and provide the most concentrated source of energy in foods. One gram of fat contains more than twice the energy than one gram of protein or carbohydrate. They are needed for healthy skin, coat, eyes, brain, and other tissues.

Healthy fats come from sources such as:

• Chicken fat
• Lamb fat
• Sunfl ower oil
• Herring oil

 

Carbohydrates. Along with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of the three major nutrients in food and a major source of energy for a dog’s body.

Sedentary dogs have a lower energy requirement than their more active canine counterparts to produce the energy needed to fuel their brain and muscles. Most commercial dog foods contain as much as 30 to 60 percent carbohydrates because a minimum proportion of starch is needed in the formula for the commercial extrusion process, and, many believe, because carbohydrates are less expensive than proteins and fats.

Dogs can’t digest uncooked grain as easily as meats, so if grains are fed, it is important to cook them to increase digestibility. Simmer rice or other grains until they are soft. To add a little extra flavor, cook them in chicken or beef broth.

Good sources of carbohydrates include:

• Rice
• Corn
• Potatoes
• Barley
• Whole grain breads and other grains

 

Vitamins and Minerals. One thing a dog’s body can’t do on its own is make vitamins (though vitamin C is an exception).

Vitamins and minerals such as calcium, iron, and magnesium are essential nutrients that can be found in the following foods:

• Bread
• Dairy products
• Fish
• Fruits and vegetables
• Grains
• Milk

 

While most commercial pet food manufacturers claim their products are “complete and balanced,” (a claim they substantiate through feeding trials or by meeting certain requirements) these products may lose necessary vitamins and minerals, which may be destroyed by the heating process.

There is some debate as to whether a dog’s diet needs to be supplemented with vitamins and minerals so you may want to consult a holistic veterinarian before doing so. Holistic veterinarians have all the same training as a conventional veterinarian but incorporate alternative medicine (this might include homeopathy, acupuncture, chiropractic, herbs, etc.) in their practice, as well.

Fatty Acids. Dietary fatty acids can be classified as essential and nonessential.

Nonessential fatty acids can be synthesized within a dog’s body at a level that meets the pet’s requirements, whereas essential fatty acids cannot be synthesized, so they must be supplied in the diet.

Dogs require one essential fatty acid (linoleic acid), which is a type of omega- 6 fatty acid. Linoleic acid helps the body to:

• Regulate the blood fl ow to body tissues
• Clot blood after an injury
• Reproduce normally
• Respond to injury and infection by boosting the immune system
• Maintain a handsome coat and healthy skin

This fatty acid is found primarily in grains and animal fat, and is provided at appropriate levels in high- quality dog foods.

HOMEMADE DOG FOOD 

Most dogs in Nigeria eat leftovers from their master's food, because kibble or canned dog food cost a fortune in Nigeria. In general these leftovers have no nutritional value, some might even be toxic to your dog. The most important thing to consider when feeding your dog is that it provides rounded nutrition. Without a decent balance of protein, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids, your dog could suffer from malnutrition, regardless of how much food he eats.

The following list offers some food choices to cover your dog's basic nutritional needs:

• Protein: Fresh chicken, beef, turkey, lamb or egg whites
• Fiber, vitamins and minerals: Carrots, green beans, spinach
• Essential fatty acids: Leafy greens, cooked salmon, flax seeds (linseeds)
• Calcium: plain yogurt
• Carbohydrates: Brown (Ofada) rice, barley
• Vitamins and antioxidants: Apples (without the seeds), blueberries

Pick one item from each group to include at every meal. You'll also want to rotate your choices so your dog doesn't become bored eating the same food.

If you start making balanced food for your dog, it will be much healthier and you will save money. Yes, making your own dog food Nigeria does take a bit of time, but you can make extra and store it in the freezer. At the end of the day it’s worth the effort! Feeding your dog homemade dog food can reduce the risk of skin allergies, boost their immune system, improve their digestive system, and give them renewed energy.

Below are some homemade dog meals and treat recipes that you can try.

Healthy Dog Food Recipes

Turkey and Vegetable Dinner

This basic dog food recipe includes turkey for protein and vegetables for added vitamins and minerals. Turkey has less fat than beef, making this an ideal recipe for doggies that could stand to lose a few pounds.

Ingredients

• 4 cups of water
• 500 gr of ground turkey
• 2 cups of brown (ofada) rice
• 1 cup of carrots, chopped
• 1 cup of green beans, chopped
• 1 tablespoon of fish oil (optional)

Directions

1. Cook the ground turkey over medium heat until the meat is cooked through.
2. Add the rice, turkey, and water to a large pot and bring to a boil.
3. Reduce the heat to medium-low and cook until the rice is soft and tender.
4. Add the carrots and green beans and cook for an additional 5 to 10 minutes, until the vegetables are tender.
5. Allow to cool before serving.
6. Store extra dinners in the fridge for up to five days.

NOTE: Avoid using heavy oil to brown the turkey. The high fat content of the oil may upset your dog’s stomach.

Chicken Dinner

This recipe uses chicken, which is a good source of protein, and lots of vegetables to create a flavorful mix. Green beans help your dog feel full and vegetables promote a healthy intestinal tract.

Ingredients

• 4 chicken breasts
• 1/2 cup of green beans, chopped
• 1/2 cup of carrots, chopped
• 1 cup of spinach
• 1/2 cup rolled oats.
• 4 cups of low-salt chicken broth

Directions

1. Remove excess fat from the chicken breasts and cut the breasts into small chunks.
2. Cook the chicken breasts in a pan over medium heat until no longer pink.
3. Add the chicken, vegetables, rolled oats, and chicken broth to a large pot and cook over medium heat about 15 minutes, until the carrots are tender.
4. Allow to cool before serving.
5. Store leftover portions in the fridge for up to five days.

Chicken Stew

Dogs need large amounts of protein to keep them healthy and active. Your dog should get the majority of his protein from whole meat sources, such as fresh chicken. Beans also have a good amount of protein.

This recipe blends chicken, beans, and vegetables to create a healthy and tasty mix.

Ingredients

• 4 chicken breasts
• 1 cup of kidney beans, drained
• 1 cup of black beans, drained
• 1 cup of carrots, diced
• 1/2 cup of tomato paste
• 4 cups of chicken broth

Directions

1. Remove the excess fat and dice the chicken breasts into small pieces.
2. Cook the chicken breasts in a pan over medium-high heat until no longer pink.
3. Add the chicken, beans, carrots, tomato paste, and chicken broth into a large pot and cook over medium heat until heated through, about 10 minutes.
4. Allow the mixture to cool before serving.
5. Store leftover stew in the fridge for up to five days.

NOTE: You can add a 1/2 tablespoon of fish oil to this recipe. The flavors are strong enough that even picky eaters won’t notice the added healthy ingredient.

Beef Stew

This dog-approved version of beef stew includes meat for protein, vegetables for vitamins, and gravy for flavor. This is a good alternative to wet commercial dog foods.

Ingredients

• 500 gram of beef stew meat
• 1 sweet potato
• 1/2 cup of carrots, diced
• 1/2 cup of green beans, diced
• 1/2 cup of flour
• 1/2 cup of water or vegetable oil, plus 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil for frying

Directions

1. Cook the sweet potato until it's firm but tender. Set aside.
2. Slice the stew pieces into smaller chunks.
3. Cook the stew pieces in a tablespoon of vegetable oil over medium heat for 10-15 minutes or until well-done.
4. Remove the beef chunks from the pan, reserving the drippings.
5. Dice the sweet potato.
6. Heat the drippings over medium-low heat. Slowly add flour and water into the dripping while whisking to create a thick gravy.
7. Add the meat, sweet potato, carrots, and green beans into the gravy and stir to coat.
8. Cook until the carrots are tender, about 10 minutes.
9. Serve cool.
10. Store remaining stew in the fridge for up to five days.

Fruit Dessert for Dogs

Your dog deserves a nice dessert every once in a while. This dessert is a mix of dairy and fruit, so it tastes great but also gives your dog a nice dose of vitamins and protein.

Ingredients

• 1/2 cup plain, non-fat yogurt
• 1/2 cup of strawberries, diced
• 1/2 cup of blueberries, diced
• 1/2 cup of apple, diced

Directions

1. Blend all ingredients in a medium size bowl until the yogurt is smooth and the fruit is well blended.
2. Serve in small amounts.
3. Store in the fridge for up to seven days.

NOTE: On days you plan to serve your dog this dessert, reduce the amount of regular food by one half to one cup to keep from over-feeding.

Dog Treat Recipes

These treats have a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and meat your dog will love. By sticking to low-sugar and low-fat options, you can keep your dog healthy as well.

Peanut Butter Cookies

Dogs love peanut butter, and these cookies are a great way to sneak some fish oil into your dog’s diet. Fish oil improves your dog’s coat, making it shiny, soft, and healthier.

Ingredients

• 2 cups of flour (white or wheat, if your dog has no wheat allergies)
• 1 cup of rolled oats
• 1/3 cup of smooth peanut butter (make your own peanut butter using raw peanuts and peanut oil, making a smooth mix)
• 1 tablespoon of honey
• 1/2 tablespoon of fish oil
• 1 1/2 cups of water

Directions

1. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. Mix the flour and oats together in a large mixing bowl. Pour in one cup of water and blend until smooth. Add in the peanut butter, honey, and fish oil and mix until all the ingredients are well blended.
3. Slowly add the water until the mixture has a thick and doughy consistency.
4. Lightly flour a cooking surface. Roll the dough onto the cooking surface to create a sheet of about 5 mm.
5. Make the cookies and place them onto a baking sheet and bake for 40 minutes.
6. Allow to cool completely before feeding.

Chicken Jerky

The jerky is tough and chewy, so it will keep your dog occupied for a while. The chicken has a good amount of protein, which is good for a dog’s muscle structure. You can substitute sweet potatoes for the chicken in this recipe. Sweet potatoes make a healthy, vegetarian alternative.

Ingredients

• 2 to 4 chicken breasts

Directions

1. Preheat the oven to 200 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. Remove any excess fat from the chicken. Turn the chicken breast on its side and use a knife to slice the chicken breast into small strips.
3. Set the strips on a baking sheet. Bake for 2 hours.
4. Check the chicken before removing from the oven. It should be dry and hard, not soft or chewy. Allow the chicken to cool completely before serving.
5. Store the jerky in an airtight container in the fridge for up to two weeks.

Frozen Yogurt Pops for Dogs

These frozen treats are made from human grade ingredients and include fruit juice and carrots, which give your dog an added vitamin boost. Yogurt has calcium and protein and can help your dog digest food.

Note that this recipe calls for non-fat yogurt, which is a much healthier alternative to other types of yogurt, especially if your dog is overweight.

Ingredients

• 100 ml plain, non-fat yogurt
• 1 cup of no-sugar added fruit juice
• 1/2 cup of carrots, minced

Directions

1. Add the yogurt, fruit juice, and carrots into a medium-sized bowl. Stir until the ingredients are smooth and well-blended.
2. Drop the mixture into an ice cube tray.
3. Freeze until the ingredients are solid.

Fruit and Vegetable Strips

These strips break apart easily, so you can serve smaller pieces as training rewards. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, which can help boost your dog’s immune system.

Ingredients

• 1 small sweet potato
• 1 medium banana
• 1 cup carrots, minced
• 1 crushed apple, remove the seeds, these are toxic to dogs!
• 2 cups of whole wheat flour (white if your dog has allergies)
• 1 cup of rolled oats
• 1/3 cup of water

Directions

1. Cook the sweet potato until the insides are soft, softer potatoes will mash easier. Set aside and allow to cool.
2. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
3. Mash the banana and sweet potato in a large mixing bowl with a hand masher until smooth. Add in the carrots, flour, crushed apple and oats. Slowly add water while mixing.
4. The ingredients will form a soft dough. Roll the dough on to a lightly floured surface until the dough is about 5 mm thick.
5. Cut the dough into strips.
6. Cook on a baking sheet for 25 minutes.
7. Store leftover strips in the fridge for up to two weeks.

Beef and Vegetable Balls

Some dogs prefer meaty treats over sweet ones. These treats have a hearty meat flavor and good aroma that all dogs love.

Ingredients

• 2 small pots of beef and vegetable baby food
• 1 cup of whole-wheat flour (or white substitute)
• 2 cups of dry milk
• 1 cup of water

Directions

1. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. Mix all of the ingredients in a large mixing bowl.
3. Drop the mixture onto a baking sheet in large spoonfuls.
4. Bake for 12 to 15 minutes.
5. Allow to the treats to cool completely. Store leftover beef and vegetable balls in the fridge for up to five days.

NOTE: These treats do not keep as well as others. Try cutting the recipe in half if you only have one dog.

While most dogs can handle a variety of different treats fed in small doses, some might get an upset stomach if you switch foods too quickly or too often. Before you start making your own homemade dog food, talk to your vet and ask if he or she has any special ingredient suggestions, as some breeds may be more prone to food allergies than others. After getting your vet’s approval, switch your dog’s food over gradually, slowing mixing in a homemade dish with your regular food over the course of several days.

Have you made dog food before? What have the results been like? Thank you for reading please leave your comments or suggestions below.

Formulation of Dog food using locally available ingredients

Puppy stage is a critical period of dog�s life cycle as it requires more nutrition. During this time period, puppy requires more than 28% of protein and energy density of less than 3.5 kcal ME/g DM. Dog food is material intended for consumption by the domestic dog. Dogs are able to healthily digest a variety of foods. The remarkable adaptability of the dog has led to the successful use of commercial diets that differ widely in their ingredient composition. The pet food industry has well established markets in developed countries like United States but it plays minor role in developing countries like in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this study was carried out with the objectives of formulating a palatable dog-food using locally available ingredients in Sri Lanka at lower price level, which confirm the main nutritional requirements and to determine its influence on growth rate of local breeds. Maize, Rice flour, Rice polish, Animal fat, Soya bean meal, Fish meal, Hypro meal, Chicken, Eggs, Baking soda and Vitamin premixes were the ingredients used in dog food formulation. A total of 08 puppies, between 06-08 weeks of age were selected for the study. Body weight was measured using weighing scale and serum electrolyte concentrations were measured to determine nutritional status. Sensory evaluation was performed for dog feces and skin/coat condition. The body weight and feed intake had a significant (P<0.05) and positively associated relationship (r = 0.84, P =0.000). The mean growth rate of puppies which were fed using formulated feed was 0.088 kg/day � 0.038 whereas 0.025 kg/day � 0.006 was the mean growth rate of puppies which were fed using homemade diets in first trial. The current study found that the mean growth rate was 0.0586 kg/day � 0.022 in formulated feed group whereas 0.0628 kg/day � 0.019 was the weight gain in imported feed group in second feed trial. Sensory evaluation results revealed better mean scores for sensory attributes in dog feces and skin/coat conditio